{"id":53590,"date":"2025-09-10T08:49:14","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T06:49:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kittec.eu\/servis\/aplikace\/kaleni-popousteni-a-kaleni-zeleznych-materialu\/"},"modified":"2026-03-18T11:47:43","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T10:47:43","slug":"kaleni","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kittec.eu\/cs\/servis\/aplikace\/kaleni\/","title":{"rendered":"Kalen\u00ed, popou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a kalen\u00ed \u017eelezn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Kalen\u00ed \u017eelezn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f (oceli a litiny) slou\u017e\u00ed ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed jejich tvrdosti. M\u016f\u017ee se rovn\u011b\u017e prov\u00e1d\u011bt v kombinaci s jin\u00fdm tepeln\u00fdm zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm (zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 rychl\u00e9 ochlazen\u00ed). <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i tzv. transforma\u010dn\u00edm zpev\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm procesu kalen\u00ed, se obrobek zah\u0159eje na takovou teplotu, \u017ee se jeho struktura zm\u011bn\u00ed z feritick\u00e9 (\u017eelezo \u03b1 s t\u011blesn\u011b centrovanou krychlovou strukturou) na austenitickou (\u017eelezo \u03b3 s plo\u0161n\u011b centrovanou krychlovou strukturou). V austenitu se m\u016f\u017ee rozpustit mnohem v\u00edce uhl\u00edku ne\u017e ve feritu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud se obrobek udr\u017euje p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 teplot\u011b (obvykle > 723\u00b0C) dostate\u010dn\u011b dlouhou dobu, p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed ji\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd uhl\u00edk nebo uhl\u00edk dodate\u010dn\u011b vnesen\u00fd do austenitu do roztoku. Jestli\u017ee je nyn\u00ed obrobek dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle a hluboce ochlazen, uhl\u00edk ji\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee difundovat z krystalov\u00e9 m\u0159\u00ed\u017eky austenitu, a krystalov\u00e1 struktura \u017eeleza se tedy nem\u016f\u017ee p\u0159em\u011bnit zp\u011bt na t\u011blesn\u011b centrovanou krychlovou strukturu feritu, n\u00fdbr\u017e se zm\u011bn\u00ed na jinou t\u011blesn\u011b centrovanou krychlovou strukturu, na tzv. martenzit. Martenzit m\u00e1 mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed tvrdost ne\u017e ferit. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve druh\u00e9m kroku, tzv. popou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed tvrdost obrobku, kter\u00fd je po kalen\u00ed velmi tvrd\u00fd a k\u0159ehk\u00fd (\u201esklovit\u00fd\u201c), a c\u00edlenou volbou spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 teploty popou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se dos\u00e1hne po\u017eadovan\u00e9 provozn\u00ed tvrdosti (vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teploty vedou k ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed tvrdosti a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hou\u017eevnatosti).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proces kalen\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9ho popou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 zu\u0161lech\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KITTEC samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nab\u00edz\u00ed tak\u00e9 pece pro rozpou\u0161t\u011bc\u00ed \u017e\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/strong>V na\u0161em p\u0159ehledu v\u00fdrobk\u016f najdete nap\u0159. \u0159adu \u017e\u00edhac\u00edch a kal\u00edc\u00edch pec\u00ed<\/a>, kter\u00e9 jsou v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadavc\u00edch vhodn\u00e9 i pro rozpou\u0161t\u011bc\u00ed \u017e\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed. V t\u00e9to souvislosti bychom v\u00e1s r\u00e1di upozornili p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na na\u0161e modelov\u00e9 \u0159ady CLM<\/a> a CLU<\/a>, jako\u017e i na voz\u00edkov\u00e9 pece modelov\u00e9 \u0159ady CTH<\/a>. V na\u0161\u00ed nab\u00eddce naleznete rovn\u011b\u017e odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed, jako nap\u0159. kal\u00edc\u00ed st\u016fl. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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V z\u00e1vislosti na pou\u017eit\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme pro v\u00e1s vyvinout ve spolupr\u00e1ci s na\u0161\u00edm odd\u011blen\u00edm speci\u00e1ln\u00edch konstrukc\u00ed i zcela individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Na\u0161i odborn\u00edci v\u00e1m r\u00e1di individu\u00e1ln\u011b porad\u00ed<\/a> a pomohou naj\u00edt vhodn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v na\u0161\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 nab\u00eddce v\u00fdrobk\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 40 let jsme specialist\u00e9 na pece pro \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu aplikac\u00ed, od soukrom\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed a\u017e po pr\u016fmyslovou v\u00fdrobu<\/strong>. R\u00e1di V\u00e1m osobn\u011b porad\u00edme<\/a>, kter\u00e1 z na\u0161ich pec\u00ed se nejl\u00e9pe hod\u00ed pro Va\u0161e pot\u0159eby. N\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdb\u011br pec\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed designem, velikost\u00ed a po\u017eadovan\u00fdm teplotn\u00edm rozsahem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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